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NATURE TOURS IN SRI LANKA
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TREKKING THE KUNCKLES RANGE
Located in the districts of Matale and Kandy in the Central Province of Sri Lanka, the Knuckles Mountain Range has been enthralling nature lovers since time immemorial. The beauty that envelops the lush green vastness of this mountain range is indeed unsurpassed. Its great appeal is heightened by the knuckle shaped peaks that are visible from many locations across the city of Kandy. The name that the locals have given to this enchanting destination is ‘Dumbara Kanduvetiya’ which roughly translates to ‘misty mountain range’.
Enter its magnificent terrains to lose yourself in a glorious cloud forest, that softly embraces the emerald-hued treetops in an eternal embrace. The dream-like beauty of the skies unites with the unspoiled beauty of earth within the majestic mountains, making it a place that is truly extraordinary. Knuckles Range trekking is indeed a rewarding experience as the area is resplendent with glistening waterfalls, rising mountain peaks, and flowery valleys too.
The Mini World’s End is one of the major attractions here that many trekkers love. It is located at the southern end and affords spectacular views of the sprawling mountain range as well as the many small villages that encircle the region.
You will also find an abundance of flora as well as a rich variety of fauna here when you hike. The cool atmosphere makes a trek a truly delightful exercise.
HORTON PLAINS
The picture-perfect Horton Plains National Park, Sri Lanka is a place where time itself seems to stand still in awe of the surpassing splendor of nature. Ethereal mist engulfs the vast spaces of the national park so beautifully while flourishing foliage adds gorgeous hues of green to every slope and valley. The cold mountain breeze carries the faint fragrance of a thousand blooms that gently open in the sunshine. A tour across the majestic territories of the plains will surely give you memories to cherish for a lifetime.
Horton Plains boasts an altitude of 2,100 to 2,300 metres. The enchanting cloud forest and the lush greenery greatly appeal to trekkers here. The region is rich with flora and fauna too. Many endemic species of plants and animals can be found within the territories of the national park, making it a veritable paradise for nature lovers.
Quite a number of travellers visit Horton Plains National Park to witness the outstanding beauty of World’s End and Baker’s Falls. World’s End is a sheer precipice that has a drop of around 1,200 metres! There is yet another sheer drop located adjacent to World’s End which is smaller in size and so is aptly called Mini World’s End. Baker’s Falls which glistens like liquid silver amidst the verdant green growth of the surrounding landscape is also an enchanting attraction that possesses remarkable beauty.
RAFTING IN KITULGALA
The town of Kitulgala that lies quietly in the Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka is a place that many adventure sports enthusiasts and adrenaline junkies steadily visit. While the lives of the locals unfold at a steady pace around the region, at the heart of this little town, the Kelani River offers spectacular thrills to adventure seekers. Today, Kitulgala has become synonymous with white water rafting.
Large numbers of locals and tourists visit the town to enjoy the epic thrills on offer along the frenetic waters of the Kelani River. White water rafting in Kitulgala is a well-established industry and the services provided can truly be called world-class. Safety briefings always precede such adventurous activities and state-of-the-art equipment that adhere to international standards are used by the majority of the service operators.
The Kelani River has five major rapids and four minor rapids. Choose a package that suits your level of skill and confidence. The rides are suitable for anyone above the age of 10.
If the rushing river waters fail to quench your thirst for thrills, you can try adventure jumps and waterfall abseiling while on a tour in Kitulgala. And for those who like to use milder ways to connect with nature, this charming town offers plenty of opportunities like bird watching, jungle trekking, and mountain biking too.
EXPLORE THE LOCAL CULTURE
THINGS TO DO IN ANURADHAPURA
Anuradhapura is a city that is located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. Its prominence reached the zenith back in the fourth century BC when the great King Pandukabhaya made this his capital. The glorious spaces of Anuradhapura were lavishly adorned with the grandiosity of tall buildings, statues and dome shaped shrines.
Most of these impressive constructions stand to this day, having braved the winds of many a century. They proclaim to one generation after the next the remarkable finesse that marked the handiwork of the country’s craftsmen. In the city of Anuradhapura, things to do are many; you can visit places like Jaya Sri Maha Bodhiya, Ruwanweliseya, Isurumuniya and Abhayagiri Vihara during a tour.
Agriculture was the chief occupation in Sri Lanka in the past just like it is now for many in rural areas. The tanks that the kings built to help the farmers thrive in the harsh conditions of the dry zone can still be seen today. Together the kings of Anuradhapura were able to create one of the most complex systems of irrigation of the world at its time.
One of the most remarkable events that occurred during the Anuradhapura Kingdom was the introduction of Buddhism to the island. According to the epic poem Mahavamsa, Thera Mahinda, the son of the Emperor Ashoka of India, visited Sri Lanka on the full moon day the month of June; here he met King Devanampiyatissa who reigned in the island at that time. This fateful encounter resulted in the king and subsequently the country, embracing the peaceful teachings of Lord Buddha.
THINGS TO DO IN POLONNARUWA
Polonnaruwa was declared the capital of the island when the Kingdom of Anuradhapura fell. King Vijayabahu I chose this city as his capital after defeating the Chola invaders. Anuradhapura flourished under the reign of several influential kings and the country too steadily continued to grow and stabilise.
The Golden Age of Polonnaruwa dawned when King Parakramabahu I, ascended the throne. His vision, to use every single drop of water that fell from the skies, resulted in the creation of remarkable irrigation systems that baffle people even today. Paddy cultivation was a challenge in the dry zone, but the visionary king certainly made the impossible possible. The vast ‘Parakrama Samudra’ (Sea of Parakrama) was one of the greatest feats achieved during this time and the reservoir still glistens like a sea of hope in the heart of Polonnaruwa.
Many architectural marvels were also constructed during the era of Polonnaruwa. Things to do here certainly should include exploratory tours to discover the wonderful appeal of these majestic attractions. The Ancient City of Polonnaruwa is, after all, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Polonnaruwa Vatadage, Gal Vihara, Nissanka Latha Mandapaya, Rankoth Vehera, and Hatadage are some of the most prominent sites that can be explored on foot or by cycle.
Paying a visit to the Polonnaruwa Museum too will give one, a fascinating insight into the past of this one time capital, and all the legacies, its great kings left behind. Thriving among the old ruins are also large families of toque macaques (monkeys), who interest visitors just as much as the monuments.
THE MAJESTIC SIGIRIYA ROCK FORTRESS
The majestic Sigiriya Rock Fortress in Sri Lanka which still baffles modern day architects was the brainchild of the great King Kashyapa who reigned between 477 and 495 AD. The magnificent rock fortress is truly a symbol of Sri Lankan pride and every aspect of this iconic attraction inspires awe.
The site plan of Sigiriya is considered to be remarkably imaginative. There is a complex arrangement of parks and reservoirs here that embrace the concepts of symmetry and asymmetry beautifully. There are water gardens, boulder gardens and terraced gardens that would have looked mesmerising during the kingdom’s heyday. Some of the hydraulic systems of the complex work even today!
Rock frescoes referred to as the ‘Sigiriya damsels’ occupy a small sheltered space in the fortress and truly possess exquisite beauty. Some say they were the ladies of the king while others say they are celestial nymphs. Every single visitor leaves this place amazed by the grand beauty of these frescoes who silently proclaim to all the remarkable talent of the unnamed artist who painted them.
On your ascent to the top of the rock, you will also come across what is known as the Mirror Wall which features ancient graffiti and inscriptions. The majestic Lion’s Paws entrance, hewn solely from rock, leads the way to the summit where one can imagine what it must have been like when its king ruled amidst much grandeur and breath taking land and lake vistas.
THINGS TO DO IN KANDY
Kandy is one of the most beautiful cities in Sri Lanka. There are sites of religious appeal to see as well as plenty of cultural events to observe; this makes it a popular city to visit for both locals and international travellers in search of cooler climes as well.
The last king of ancient Sri Lanka ruled the island from this magnificent city before the whole country was brought under the rule of the British during the colonial era. One certainly gets the feeling, however, that Kandy has managed to retain its aura of grandeur. Even today you will detect a feeling of royalty and while the city is bustling with life there are areas where time seems to stand still here, harking back to days of old.
Among the many things to see in Kandy, the sacred Sri Dalada Maligwa, which is also known as the Temple of the Tooth Relic of Lord Buddha, is prominent and is one of the most popular sites of worship among Buddhists in the island. The annual procession of the temple referred to as the ‘Esala Perahera’ is a grand event that displays so colourfully the fascinating culture and traditions of Sri Lanka.
The Peradeniya Royal Botanical Gardens, Gadaladeniya Viharaya, Lankatilaka Viharaya, Kandy Garrison Cemetery, Kandy Lake and Udawattakele Forest Reserve are a few of the popular tourist attractions in and around the city worth a visit.
ATTRACTIONS IN GALLE
Full of old world charm, the city of Galle is one of the most popular destinations in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. The azure blue ocean that borders the city and adds a remarkable allure to the colonial structures.
Among the many leading Galle attractions, the Dutch or Galle Fort certainly is prominent. Built by the Portuguese back in the year 1588 this iconic fort stands tall and proud to this very day. The Galle Fort was extensively fortified by the Dutch after they invaded the country. The British also did their share to make the fort stronger when the island’s reign was taken over by them. Today, the fort area is occupied by diverse people who lend much colour and life amidst age-old buildings and winding cobbled streets that add to its beauty.
You can visit the many quaint shops that line the streets to buy exquisite gifts that are tinged with the charm of the island. There is something for everyone here in Galle! Whether you are looking for expensive jewellery or unique handcrafted mementos, you certainly will be able to find a delightful array of products at the many stores here.
On your exploration, you can visit the Galle Lighthouse, National Museum of Galle, Maritime Archaeology Museum, Historical Mansion Museum, Dutch Reformed Church and All Saint’s Church. Of course, if you want to just laze on the shore you can always head to nearby Unawatuna Beach or Jungle Beach too.
BEACHES & SUNSETS
NEGOMBO
Little white sailboats voyage into the heart of the seas while the deep blue skies stretch like a canopy of glory above the picturesque oceanic vistas. When the sun sets in the golden horizon, stylish restaurants illuminate their spaces with dim, romantic lights; tourists gather around tables to enjoy meals of the best lobsters, prawns and crabs found in the country and conversations while the salty breeze keeps all company under the starry skies. All of this you will find in the cinnamon hub of the colonised Dutch city of Negombo Sri Lanka; beach holidays do not get any better!
The golden sands of the shores of Negombo are lined with many luxurious resorts and have plenty of accommodation options to choose from. With many of the modern amenities available in the town, the plethora of choices for the discerning shopper is fulfilled. Negombo also represents the ultimate nightlife featuring bars, disco bars and clubs. So, jazz up to the rhythm of the west, and be ready for a night of ‘fest’, because at Negombo everything is ‘best’.
HIKKADUWA
Hikkaduwa is a stylish seaside resort town in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. The number of luxurious resorts that are scattered along the golden shores of Hikkaduwa Beach in Sri Lanka makes this gorgeous destination an immensely popular one among tourists around the world.
Picture perfect vistas of golden beaches, turquoise oceans and dazzling blue skies are all yours to enjoy when you visit this enchanting little coastal getaway. You can laze upon the beach and soak up the golden sun or give yourself an epic adrenaline rush by enjoying the many forms of water sports that the region offers. Take a snorkelling tour and delve into the mysterious depths of the ocean to discover some of its best-kept secrets. The mesmerising beauty of the coral reef here can be observed when taking a glass bottom boat ride across the Hikkaduwa National Park, a world-famous coral sanctuary.
Dotted along the coastline are plenty of restaurants that serve mouth-watering seafood concoctions! Be brave and sample the fiery crustaceans placed before you and fall in love with the flavours of this magical paradise island. After a hearty meal, visit one of the many pubs dotted along the coastline and dance the night away!
MIRISSA
Mirissa offers an unforgettable coastal adventure along the southern coast of Sri Lanka. In addition to the characteristic appeal of a seaside resort town, Mirissa offers all of its visitors the opportunity to embark on whale and dolphin watching adventures.
Voyage into the heart of the sea and witness the awe-inspiring grandeur of blue whales and the childlike friskiness of dolphins with your loved ones; create a perfect memory to cherish for a lifetime. Bring along your cameras and click away as the magnificent giants of the depths majestically part the waters.
The whale watching season in Mirissa starts in the month of November and generally lasts till April. So if you happen to be travelling in the region during this time, do schedule a whale watching tour and treat yourself to this epic indulgence!
After your exciting expedition, you can go back to the town and relax at one of the many beachside restaurants and sample the sensational tastes of the paradise island. Mirissa Beach, Sri Lanka is also home to a large number of luxury hotels and resorts so you can be pampered like royalty here. You will also find many nightclubs in the town that offer plenty of fun after the sun has set.
ARUGAM BAY
Arugam Bay, a surfer’s paradise, where time does not exist. Surfboards in hand, venture out to sea to catch a good swell, listen to the mighty ocean and let it carry you back to the white sandy beach. When you are not surfing, enjoy the many local restaurants serving a magnitude of different cuisines along the beach.
Arugam Bay Beach is a relatively quiet and truly idyllic place. The small number of local families who are fortunate enough to call this incredible destination their home, are friendly so you will certainly be warmly welcomed during your stay. While surfing remains the major activity of interest, there are other delightful indulgences that you can experience in Arugam Bay. Consider visiting famed attractions such as Elephant Rock, Muhudu Maha Viharaya and Kudumbigala Monastery to witness the rich cultural allure of this charming coastal region. For surfers who are wildlife enthusiasts, the Yala National Park & Kumana National Park can be reached with ease from Arugam Bay.
Those who are spellbound by the insatiable desire for adventure should definitely mark this spot in their maps and include it in their travel itineraries!
PASIKUDAH
Powdery white sands, turquoise seas and a string of luxurious hotels and resorts all make Pasikuda a truly magical destination that is ideal for beach vacations. The crystal clear waters here are so inviting and the dazzling white sands so pristine that you will wonder if you have discovered a lost paradise.
The area offers plenty to do to keep you entertained. You can visit famous tourist attractions like Kallady Beach, Batticaloa Lighthouse and Kokkadicholai Hindu Temple. Unique souvenirs can also be found at Palmyrah handicraft outlets. If you wish to explore the enchanting ruins that showcase the golden glory of the island’s beautiful past, take a drive to the ancient city of Polonnaruwa. Wildlife enthusiasts can also opt to visit Minneriya National Park and witness the gentle giants of the jungles as they roam freely in their natural habitats.
The shallow coastline of Pasikuda Beach in Sri Lanka makes it quite appealing for sea lovers. Some say the beach has the longest stretch of shallow coastline in the world! The weak currents make the waters here quite safe for swimming too.
While Pasikuda has seen an increase in popularity in the recent past, it is still relatively less crowded than some of the beaches on the south coast. This factor serves as a motivation for those who desire privacy and seclusion during their holidays by this magical stretch of shore.
WILDLIFE & ADVENTURE
YALA
The Yala National Park is the second largest national park in Sri Lanka. Without a doubt, it is also the most popular one. Every year large numbers of tourists traverse through its dusty trails in the hopes of catching a glimpse of Sri Lankan leopards; this is because it is a well-known fact that the park has one of the world’s highest leopard densities. Not many of these tourists return from their trips dejected either!
In addition to leopards, visitors may also spot large numbers of elephants, sloth bears and deer. The cheeky toque macaques and the elusive fishing cats occupy the beautiful territories of Yala as well.
Here you will find ancient Buddhist sites like Sithulpawwa and Magul Vihara too. So nature lovers, as well as those who desire to learn more about the culture and history of the island will find Yala National Park tours and safaris quite rewarding.
The best time to visit is considered to be between the months of November to August. The park is located near the city of Hambantota and Tissamaharama.
UDAWALAWA
Bordering the provinces of Sabaragamuwa and Uva in Sri Lanka lies the Udawalawe National Park in Sri Lanka, where wild animals roam free in their numbers. It’s a popular tourist attraction on the island and sees large numbers of locals and foreign visitors all throughout the year.
Udawalawe National Park is amongst the most important habitats for Sri Lankan elephants. The gentle giants gather upon the banks of the Udawalawe Reservoir in large herds, creating a beautiful spectacle that thrills onlookers. It is estimated that Udawalawe National Park has over 250 resident elephants which certainly heightens the site’s appeal.
The national park was established with the aim of providing a sanctuary for wild animals that were driven out of their natural habitats during the construction of the Udawalawe Reservoir and Walawe River. Today many species of water birds can be seen thriving in the environs of the glistening reservoir. The park is also home to fishing cats, Sri Lankan axis deer, Sri Lankan sambar deer, wild boars, water buffaloes, golden palm civets, and toque macaques.
MINNERIYA
Minneriya National Park in Sri Lanka, which is located in the North Central Province of the island, approximately 190 km from Colombo, is a prominent tourist attraction. It is one of the 70 Important Bird Areas in the country.
The national park protects the catchment of the Minneriya Tank which was built back in the third century AD by King Mahasen. The most remarkable natural event occurs here during the dry season. A large herd of wild elephants congregate by the banks of the reservoir every year to create The Gathering, an astounding natural event that has garnered famed around the world. Some records of the elephants that gather during the event include numbers as high as 700. The elephants can be seen socializing and bathing while enjoying the company of each other. This mesmerising event occurs between the months of July and September and is a remarkable sight to behold indeed!
Minneriya National Park also offers many opportunities to spot large water birds. Painted storks, lesser adjutants and spot-billed pelicans can be seen here. Endemic species of birds like the Sri Lankan junglefowl, brown-capped babbler, Sri Lanka grey-hornbill and crimson-fronted barbet are commonly spotted in Minneriya.
Your wildlife tour in the country can also include places like Wasgamuwa National Park and Somawathiya National Park which are quite easy to reach from Minneriya.
WILPATTU
Wilpattu National Park in Sri Lanka is a picture-perfect destination that nature lovers who visit the country rarely miss. The bumpy, winding trails lead to the very heart of the jungle where the unspoiled beauty of nature flourishes. The national park is a haven for wildlife. Many of these elusive creatures venture out of their hiding places to the open areas of the park from time to time, unfazed by the prying eyes of human visitors.
“Villus” which act as natural lakes are an interesting feature here. These alluring little sand-rimmed pools that are interspersed within the park fill with rainwater and attract large numbers of birds.
Wilpattu National Park has a leopard population. These apex predators thrive in the thick jungles and if one is lucky, one may be spotted during safari tours. In addition to leopards, Sri Lankan elephants, Sri Lankan sloth bears, spotted deer, and water buffaloes can also be seen in Wilpattu.
The history of Wilpattu National Park is quite fascinating as well. The queen Kuweni, who is said to be the mother of the Sinhala race, is believed to have lived here. Some say Prince Saliya, the son of the great King Dutugemunu, also resided here 2,000 years ago.
The best time to visit Wilpattu National Park is between February and October, though the park attracts a steady stream of visitors all through the year.